What is Leptospirosis?

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease found in urban, suburban, and rural environments across the U.S. The disease is caused by spiral-shaped bacteria called leptospires that live in water or warm, wet soil. Rats, squirrels, raccoons, Opossums, and other rodents can also be carriers of the disease.

The spread of leptospirosis puts virtually every dog, from the biggest breeds to the toy-sized terriers-and even you-at risk!

What are the signs of leptospirosis?

The signs of leptospirosis in dogs can vary. Some infected dogs do not show any signs of illness, some have mild illness and recover, while others develop severe illness, which can even result in death. Signs of leptospirosis in your dog can include:

* Fever

* Muscle Tenderness

* Increased Thirst

*Changes in Urination

*Vomiting & Diarrhea

*Loss of appetite

How serious is leptospirosis?

Leptospirosis can have life-threatening effects on the kidneys, liver, brain, lungs, and heart. Even dogs that recover may still be at risk for chronic kidney failure.

How does leptospirosis spread?

Both animals and humans can become infected with leptospirosis. The bacteria that cause leptospirosis are spread through the urine of infected animals, which can get into water or soil and survive there for weeks or months. The bacteria enter the body through the eyes, nose, mouth, or through a cut or scratch.

If the bacteria reach a dog’s kidneys or bladder, the dog may become a carrier, spreading the bacteria each time it urinates.

What dogs are at risk of leptospirosis?

* Rural dogs – Dogs that work, hunt, or play in the great outdoors, or are in contact with livestock.

* Suburban dogs – Dogs that share backyards and neighborhoods with wildlife.

* Urban dogs – Dogs that walk on public sidewalks, visit dog parks, or explore communal areas.

Protect you and your family. If your dog becomes infected with leptospirosis. Do not handle or come in contact with the urine before your dog has received treatment. Use rubber gloves when handling urine or cleaning your dog’s bedding, housing, and surrounding areas.

Does my dog really need to be vaccinated against leptospirosis?

You can lower your dog’s risk of leptospirosis by limiting exposure to potential sources of contamination (stagnant water, rodents, poorly maintained canine facilities). The best way to protect your dog, however, is with an annual vaccination that protects against the major causes of leptospirosis. Ask your veterinarian if you have further questions about leptospirosis or vaccination.

Here is a prevention checklist:

* Make sure your dog is vaccinated against leptospirosis.

* Drain areas of standing water on your property.

* Don’t let your dog swim or play in slow-moving creeks or in water sources accessible to wild animals.

* Keep rodents (rats, mice, and other pests) under control.

* Be aware of any changes in your dog’s health or behavior. Watch for signs of leptospirosis and contact your veterinarian 

   immediately if you see any.

Personally, I have been asked quite a few times when my dogs are at their vet visit if I would like them vaccinated for leptospirosis and I have always said no because I truly knew nothing about it. In writing this article I have learned a lot and I sure hope you did too.